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authorJJ2024-05-05 23:55:34 +0000
committerJJ2024-05-05 23:55:34 +0000
commit5884f2527442de38bfd9772b9daa12e282294d31 (patch)
treeefe9ab1895e44ced0167290ccb77a4a90e56a1eb /linguistics/semantics.md
parent7c50841fc33c3ce5e65c12bcbc85f11c2af8ba0c (diff)
meow
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@@ -33,12 +33,34 @@ With basic logic and the lambda calculus under our belt, we may simply get strai
### Entities and Functions
-> I am Alice.
-> Alice is bad.
-> The blue pigeon flew away.
+> *I am Alice.* <br>
+> *Alice is bad.* <br>
+> *The blue pigeon flew away.*
+
+- Noun: $⟨e,t⟩ ↝ λx.Noun(x)$
+- Verb (intransitive): $⟨e,t⟩ ↝ λx.Verb(x)$
+- Verb (transitive): $⟨e,⟨e,t⟩⟩ ↝ λy.λx.Verb(x, y)$
+- Verb (meaningless): $⟨⟨e,t⟩,⟨e,t⟩⟩ ↝ λP.λx.P(x)$
+- Adj: $⟨⟨e,t⟩,⟨e,t⟩⟩ ↝ λNoun.λx.[Adj(x) ∧ Noun(x)]$
+
+- or (clausal): $⟨t,⟨t,t⟩⟩ ↝ λq.λp.[p ∨ q]$
+- and (clausal): $⟨t,⟨t,t⟩⟩ ↝ λq.λp.[p ∧ q]$
+- or (verbal): $⟨⟨e,t⟩,⟨⟨e,t⟩,⟨e,t⟩⟩⟩ ↝ λQ.λP.λx.[P(x) ∨ Q(x)]$
+- and (verbal): $⟨⟨e,t⟩,⟨⟨e,t⟩,⟨e,t⟩⟩⟩ ↝ λQ.λP.λx.[P(x) ∧ Q(x)]$
+- or (quantifiers): $⟨⟨e,⟨e,t⟩⟩,⟨⟨e,⟨e,t⟩⟩,⟨e,⟨e,t⟩⟩⟩⟩ ↝ λQ.λP.λy.λx.[P(x,y) ∨ Q(x,y)]$
+- and (quantifiers): $⟨⟨e,⟨e,t⟩⟩,⟨⟨e,⟨e,t⟩⟩,⟨e,⟨e,t⟩⟩⟩⟩ ↝ λQ.λP.λy.λx.[P(x,y) ∧ Q(x,y)]$
+
+- not: $⟨⟨e,t⟩,⟨e,t⟩⟩ ↝ λP.λx.¬P(x)$
### Quantification
+- every: $⟨⟨e,t⟩,⟨⟨e,t⟩,t⟩⟩ ↝ λQ.λP.∀x.[P(x) → Q(x)]$
+ - everything: $⟨⟨e,t⟩,t⟩ ↝ λP.∀x.P(x)$
+- some: $⟨⟨e,t⟩,⟨⟨e,t⟩,t⟩⟩ ↝ λQ.λP.∃x.[P(x) ∧ Q(x)]$
+ - something: $⟨⟨e,t⟩,t⟩ ↝ λP.∃x.P(x)$
+- no: $⟨⟨e,t⟩,⟨⟨e,t⟩,t⟩⟩ ↝ λQ.λP.∀x.[P(x) → ¬Q(x)] (or λQ.λP.¬∃x.[P(x) ∧ Q(x)])$
+ - nothing: $⟨⟨e,t⟩,t⟩ ↝ λP.¬∃x.P(x)$ (or $λP.∀x.¬P(x))$
+
### Reference
### Numbers and Plurality
@@ -53,9 +75,9 @@ With basic logic and the lambda calculus under our belt, we may simply get strai
### Command, Request, Obligation
-> Alice, run!<br>
-> Alice, please run.<br>
-> Alice should run.
+> *Alice, run!* <br>
+> *Alice, please run.* <br>
+> *Alice should run.*
### Questions
## Resources